An article on EducationWeek.com about stress, math and student performance explores the many reasons why anxiety can take a toll on the brain and affect cognitive performance.
California educator and author Judy Willis said that stress can cause the amygdala – the region of the brain that regulates emotion – to work overtime, thereby hindering the ability of the prefrontal cortex to engage in critical thinking.
Daniel Ansari, principal investigator in a University of Western Ontario stress study, said that students who get anxious about math problems often experience mental distractions.
“This takes up some of their processing and working memory. It’s very much as though individuals with math anxiety use up the brainpower they need for the problem” on worrying, Ansari said, quoted by the source.
Moreover, the article revealed that stressed-out students who were proficient in a given subject scored worse on exams than more relaxed participants who did not have the same level of expertise.
Organizations that wish to lower levels of workplace stress may want to consider employee wellness programs that encourage steps toward physical health as well as tools and resources to deal with anxiety.
May 17 marks the beginning of the three-day HeartMath Best Practices Conference, where hospital administrators will gather to share the ways in which the employee wellness program has boosted performance and reduced workplace stress.
Moreover, Todd C. Linden, president and chief executive officer of Grinnell Regional Medical Center in Iowa, will be blogging daily about the most interesting findings of the 19 scheduled panels and presentations.
“I’m delighted to share my thoughts on a progressive approach to stress management that many hospitals are now providing to their employees,” Linden said. “The conference presentations include hospitals that have employed HeartMath’s research-based approach, which depicts the stress and performance relationship through science.”
Linden’s blog will be accessible through HeartMath.com, GRMC.us and TheHealthcareBlog.com.
Among the topics to be discussed and presented at the conference are HeartMath integration techniques and fostering staff well-being as well as research and findings about the program and its efficacy.
Hospitals are perhaps an ideal setting for programs like those offered by HeartMath, since many healthcare workers endure long shifts, make difficult decisions on a daily basis and are under intense pressure while on the job.
In a study that was conducted at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, researchers showed that individuals who take antidepressants may experience some alleviated symptoms, but many still have insomnia, a loss of focus and feelings of sadness.
The team of scientists analyzed the data of more than 4,000 participants over a six-year period and found that all of the individuals reported having between three and 13 symptoms of depression while on medication, with sleep loss being most prevalent.
“Widely used antidepressant medications, while working overall, missed these symptoms. If patients have persistent residual symptoms, these individuals have a high probability of incomplete recovery,” said lead author Shawn McClintock.
A new study that was conducted at the University of Leicester reveals that college and university professors who have the most engagement with their students are more likely to experience burnout than their less-involved colleagues.
Moreover, in an evolving academic environment where more people are studying part-time, online or remotely, professors have even more pressure on their shoulders since these students often require extra attention.
The researchers said that it’s important for administrators to be aware of things like workplace stress and burnout, since it can lead to weaker employee performance and even depression.
“By the time people feel burnt out they may feel terribly isolated and disassociated from their host institution so it is worthwhile finding ways of dealing with it much earlier,” said lead author Noelle Robertson.
The study authors noted that job burnout is associated with poor mental health, anxiety, sleep disorders, immune deficiency, unbalanced hormones and dysfunctional metabolism.
In her first blog post on stress relief, Deborah Rozman, president and CEO of Quantum Intech, Inc., the parent company of HeartMath, describes a simple, three-step technique called ‘Notice and Ease’ that can help those who experience regular workplace stress to bring down their heart rates and calm their minds.
First, individuals need to notice and recognize what they are experiencing. It requires bringing the mind back into the present moment and engaging in introspection to identify feelings.
Then, try to put a name on that feeling. The user should be honest with themselves about this to help slow down any racing emotions, Rozman said.
Lastly, while focusing on the heart, visualize negative feelings slowly easing out of the body.
Rozman said that individuals who regularly use this one-minute technique may see significant benefits as they begin to gain control over their stressed-out feelings.
“By noticing and admitting what you are feeling – anxiety, frustration, tension, etc. and gently focusing on your heart and relaxing as you breathe – you can e-a-s-e out a lot of the stressful feelings,” Rozman said.
Changes in sleep patterns during late middle age may have a significant detrimental effect on cognition and memory, according to researchers at University College London’s Department of Epidemiology and Public Health.
A study in which the sleep patterns of more than 5,400 participants was analyzed revealed that getting more or less nightly rest than the recommended six to eight hours is associated with poor scores on cognitive tests years after the change occurs.
The researchers found that women who attained about seven hours of sleep each night had the sharpest minds, while men scored equally well whether they slept six, seven or eight hours.
Study authors said that the cognitive decline experienced by participants whose sleep patterns had changed was equivalent to four to seven years of aging.
“Given that our 24/7 society increasingly impinges on the lives of many people, it is important to consider what effects changes in sleep duration may have on health and well-being in the long term,” said lead author Jane Ferrie.
Results of this study suggest that sleep deprivation or overload can not only lead to stress, but may dull the minds of workers.
Researchers at Fox Chase Cancer Center have recently shed some light on the mechanisms behind the ability of mental stress to exacerbate tumor growth.
The team noted that the link between stress and poor physiological health – including cancer prognosis – has long been established. But recently, they found that psychological factors can lead to an increase in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression – a protein that is known to promote tumor proliferation.
When examining the mental and physical health of 37 individuals who had just been diagnosed with head or neck cancer, the researchers found that those with the most stress had the least chance of survival.
“Our analysis indicated that higher levels of perceived stress and depressive symptoms were associated with greater VEGF expression in the tumor tissue of these patients,” said co-author Caroline Fang.
Authors said that stress management techniques may be most helpful in patients who are in early stages of the disease, when psychosocial intervention was shown to be most effective.
Results of the study suggest that hospitals and cancer centers may want to consider stress-relieving tools not just for doctors and nurses, but for patients, too.
Employee wellness programs have been shown in multiple studies and workplaces to effectively improve staff health, and in turn, help reduce costs stemming from employee health benefits.
In fact, a University of Michigan study from last year revealed that a wellness program helped a company in the Midwest save an estimated $4.8 million in healthcare expenses during a nine-year period.
An article on EmployeeWellnessMagazine.com reports that there are several reasons that organizations reject such programs, and provides counterarguments for those excuses.
Many employers say that the cost and resources associated with wellness programs are not feasible for their business. However, the news source says that returns on the investment often pays for the programs themselves, and that a well-organized wellness company should do most of the work for their customers.
Likewise, when a manger or CEO says ‘no’ to a program because of timing or conflicting priorities, they should be reminded that their workers’ health is at stake and that a good program should not take up too much time.
Sometimes, employers are simply not aware of their staff’s health, or don’t feel responsible for it. The source says that these bosses should know about the widespread epidemic of poor health in America, and that costs stemming from it often end up on the employer’s shoulders.
Just a few weeks ago at the War Memorial Stadium in Little Rock, Arkansas there were loud noises that led to a panic at a high school football game. The immediate assumption was that the noise was gunfire. Thousands of scared fans flooded the stadium exits. It turned out that the noises were due to a fight, falling barricades and the firing of a stun gun which prompted the crowd of more than 38,000 fans to run.
Due to the continuity of mass shootings, people are on high alert. Our sense of security has been threatened and people are much quicker to assume that something dangerous is happening. There are numerous examples of the flight or fight stress response kicking in as a result of a loud noise in public places.
After so much graphic coverage on social media and the news following each real shooting event, it’s easy to understand why people are feeling anxious, fearful and generally more on edge.
This is called “secondary traumatic stress” and it’s a growing issue that we need to pay close attention to.
Jorina Elbers, MD is the program director for the Trauma Relief Project at the HeatMath Institute. She explains what secondary traumatic stress is and what signs we should look for.
“Secondary traumatic stress can occur when events undermine our sense of safety and security, and activate the body’s stress response over and over again.
“By definition, it does not require direct exposure to the event, just the perceived threat that it could happen again, at any time. Similar to post-traumatic stress disorder, although not as intense, secondary traumatic stress takes a toll on our emotional and physical health. In my clinic I have observed how chronic stress and trauma lead not only to mental health issues, but also to physical health issues. Chronic pain, dizziness, and digestive problems can occur.”
It’s important not to ignore the signs of secondary traumatic stress as it can increase the risk of future physical and mental health problems or substance abuse.
These may include persistent symptoms of hyperarousal or hypoarousal:
Poor concentration Depression Emotional detachment Chronic fatigue Avoidance Social disconnection
What should you do if you or someone you know is experiencing symptoms of secondary traumatic stress?
Dr. Elbers offers a few suggestions that may provide some relief:
Minimize your exposure to news stories, social media, video and images that provoke fear and anxiety.
Get regular physical activity. A stressed body carries a lot of extra energy that needs to be discharged. Exertional exercise can help to release excess energy, improve sleep, and release endorphins in the body that help you feel good.
Practice breathing a little slower and deeper than you’re used to breathing. Slow deep breathing calms the fear center in the brain that activates the stress response. This is a simple, yet powerful tool – the more you do it, the more it can help.
Stay connected to family and friends. We are a tribal species, and naturally feel safer around people whom we are close to. Secure attachment releases oxytocin which makes us feel good and activates the vagus nerve which helps to keep us healthy.
Make time every morning and/or evening to meditate and focus on things you are grateful for. This helps to deactivate the body’s stress response and reduce stress hormones that can negatively affect the brain and body.
If symptoms are interfering with your daily activities, seek professional advice. Working with a counselor or therapist can help you or a loved one develop effective coping strategies.
While we cannot always control what happens in our lives, we can control our response to stressful events and how much we allow worry and fearful thoughts to occupy our mind. Transforming Anxiety: The HeartMath Solution for Overcoming Fear and Worry and Creating Serenity can be a helpful resource and starting point for learning techniques that can help to calm a worried and overactive mind.
Dr. Jorina Elbers is a pediatric neurologist who trained at the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto, Canada, and was an assistant professor at Stanford University for the last 6 years. She now works for the HeartMath Institute and in private practice in Central California.
Researchers at the University of Minnesota recently conducted a study wherein several units of a national business implemented a program called Results Only Work Environment (ROWE).
The system entailed refocusing staff and managers on measurable outcomes as well as allowing employees to create their own schedules and choose where they would work.
“With these changes in the workplace, employees gained control over the time and timing of their work in ways that benefited them and, by extension, their families and communities,” said co-author Erin Kelly.
The research showed that when managers relinquished control over scheduling, the turnover during the eight-month trial period was just 6 percent, compared to 11 percent of the business units that did not implement ROWE.
While some employers may believe that flexible scheduling is only important to employees with children, it was shown that the program was beneficial for all workers, regardless of gender, age, position, income or perception of job security.